Philosophy in Education Being and Inclusiveness Essay

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Q1. The mind-body problem in psychology has been discussed consistently since Plato. Discuss Dewey’s approach to understanding experience using Heidegger’s conception of mind and body and any relation to Heidegger’s approach to ontology? In what way does Husserl’s concept of ontology relate to the ideas of Dewey and Heidegger?

 
According to Neill (2005), the educational philosopher John Dewey attempted to overcome the deficits of both traditional and progressive education by stressing that experience is a product of a dialogue between continuity, defined as the individual’s concept of the past, and interaction, defined as the immediate experience of the individual’s environment. Therefore, two students may be experiencing the same phenomenon but react very differently, based upon their past experiences. Similarly, two individuals with the same past may become quite different, if they have different, later environmental influences.



Dewey’s education philosophy may be seen as reflective of the German philosopher Heidegger’s approach to ontology that suggests existence is a “phenomenon of the future” (Korab-Karpowicz, 2018, par.17). But while Dewey suggested that the individual’s situation affects his or her subjective perceptions and life development, Heidegger instead suggested that “the truth of being” itself is “…where we always come to stand. We find ourselves thrown in a historically conditioned environment, in an epoch in which the decision concerning the prevailing interpretation of the being of being is already made for us” (Korab-Karpowicz, 2018, par.29).

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Thus, according to Heidegger, it is questionable if human beings can ever know truth or if there is any such thing as objective truth. This goes far deeper than the suggestion that subjective perceptions may merely be affected by the individual’s past; since history itself is made up of subjectively influenced individuals, there may be no real truth.



In short, in Heidegger’s estimation the very nature of humanity and the human mind means that human beings cannot know truth and the past inevitably affects perceptions of the present on a macro level. This reflects Heidegger’s answer to his mentor Husserl’s attempt to explain what consciousness is. Unlike Husserl, Heidegger does not view consciousness as a solely inner state, given the need to understand the individual in the context of history and as a historical product (Korab-Karpowicz, 2018).

Reference



Korab-Karpowicz, W. (2018). Martin Heidegger. The Internet Encyclopedia of Philosophy. Retrieved from: https://www.iep.utm.edu/heidegge/#H3



Neill, J. (2005). 500 word summary of John Dewey’s Experience….....

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References

Inclusion strategies. (2017). CDC. Retrieved from: https://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/disabilityandhealth/disability-strategies.html

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