Related Essays
According to Hoskins (2010), the legal foundation of punishment is morally challenging as it usually involves harsh treatment, sometimes morally unacceptable, to the offender. What makes it acceptable to subject an offender to such kind of punishment is a big moral question.
Customarily, the rationale behind punishment is either retributivist or consequentialist. Consquensialists argue that punishment is necessary towards achieving a noteworthy purpose, an example of which is crime reduction. Retributivists, on the other hand, argue that punishment is a basic or natural response for doing something wrong. However, abolitionists argue that punishment is morally unacceptable and thus… Continue Reading...
might not share. By gathering multiple texts to use to better understand the history of crime and punishment in America, a researcher can help to filter out biases and slants in perspectives and arrive at a more objective understanding of the evolution of criminal justice in the U.S.
There are also issues of reliability and credibility that have to be addressed. For instance, one must ask whether a document is consistent with the truth or the reality and facts of what happened or if it is embellished or distorted by the author. One must also ask if author’s tone or perspective is trustworthy. As ideas are imbibed… Continue Reading...
focus on whether to execute Hayes or sentence him to life imprisonment. While Attorney Thomas Ullman believed that life imprisonment would be the hardest punishment for Hayes, which would make him be incarnated and tormented in prison.. The life imprisonment with an option of no release will be the hardest punishment for Hayes. However, all the member of the jury recommended that Hayes should be sentenced to death, and he was later convicted to death.
Aggravating and Mitigating Factors Present in the Case
The capital punishment is intended for people who commit the worst crime. To determine whether the defendants deserve a death sentence, the jury must weigh all the evidence given the reasons… Continue Reading...
(California Department of Public Health, 2012a).
The carrot – incentives and sticks – punishments and enforcements are all identified within the regulation. Training programs are available for Technical Assistance and personnel. The major objective of the STD Control Branch is the reduction of the rate of transmission and the effect of viral hepatitis and STDs within California. This Branch backs the preventive measures via the provision of guidance, technical assistance, safety net support, leadership, training and surge capacity across the State which helps improve service delivery. This objective is achieved by collaboration with the local health officers and the private and public sector… Continue Reading...
punishment that is equivalent to his/her criminal act and behavior. Secondly, victims are sometimes given the right to express their feelings and experiences during sentencing. When presenting these feelings and experiences, victims describe the harm they have suffered and the impact of the crime. Victims can share these feelings and experiences either orally or in writing without directly responding to questions from lawyers.
After sentencing, the prosecution or defense has the right to appeal, which is usually done to a higher court in the same system. The prosecution can appeal… Continue Reading...
for their acts, and thus be subjected to criminal punishment, has been raging for a long time. On one side of the debate are legal scholars, lawmakers, and judges who are of the opinion that psychopaths have an existing predisposition to commit crimes as a result of their lack of concern or compassion of any kind for those they hurt. Psychopathy is on this front regarded as untreatable and those who harbor psychopathic behaviors are thought of as being highly likely to repeatedly engage in psychopathic behaviors. For this reason, this school of thought has in the past pushed… Continue Reading...
The United States is one of the few industrialized, democratic nations in the world which still permits capital punishment on a state-by-state basis. Not all states have the death penalty but executions are still carried out in the United States and the punishment remains controversial.
Despite the singularity of its status internationally, the death penalty has historically been a popular policy in the United States, even though it has been hotly debated throughout US history in the legislature and the courts. This essay on death penalty will examine its legal statusin the United States, its history, and its future.
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Topics
The Future of the Death Penalty in… Continue Reading...
possessions. The resulting punishment for the envious is the sewing of their eyes such that they have no vision of where they are going. Next, the fifth stage (i.e. wrath), comprises of souls of persons who were full of wrath and who lacked gentleness. These souls are condemned to wander in a thick cloud of dark smoke. When it comes to sloth, i.e. the sixth stage, the poets encounter persons who were not only indolent, but also idle and lazy. The punishment for those in the seventh stage (i.e. the materialistic and greedy)… Continue Reading...
firm. Firms that do not meet these criteria are subject to investigation and, if found guilty, punishment ranging from fines to de-listing. The latter of which is considered a severe punishment, as it would all but wipe out a company’s equity value – even the possibility that a company could be de-listed would probably wipe out its market value (SEC, 2017).
Fiduciary Duty
One of the central tenets by which public companies operate is that the Board of Directors hires the senior executives and guides strategy. The Board in particular hires the CEO, and the CEO is responsible for hiring other executives, setting corporate strategy, and… Continue Reading...
varies, expulsion is usually regarded as the highest form of punishment. In most cases, expulsion of students from school is utilized after other forms of discipline and punishment are ineffective in correcting a student’s behaviors. Additionally, decisions on expulsions of students are usually recommended by the school principal and include an explanation of the specific offense or reason contributing to this form of punishment.
The determination of when expulsion would be an appropriate form of discipline or punishment varies across different schools. This variation is also attributable to the lack of statutory lists of grounds for expulsion since schools have… Continue Reading...
initiative of the current age.[footnoteRef:3] [3: Elliott Currie. Crime and punishment in America. (Macmillan, 2013).]
For delivering up groups ordained for gainful sentencing, jailhouses' political economy banks on racialized presuppositions of criminality (including pictures of African-American welfare moms giving birth to criminals) and discriminatory practices in the trends of detaining, convicting and sentencing. Non-White bodies make up the chief human resource within this massive experiment for eradicating the key social issues of the present age. After stripping away the air of magic from the incarceration solution, bloodsucking capitalist profit, racism, and class bias remain. Jails' industrial system ethically and materially… Continue Reading...
manipulation of behavioral learning approaches, which is an unethical action. As pointed out by Woolfolk (2016), punishments can have detrimental consequences. This is in the sense that it can act as a model for aggressive reactions and it can embolden and give rise to undesirable emotional responses. There is also the risk that reinforcement could lead to a decline of interest in learning, owing to an over emphasis of reward and therefore for could have an adverse impact on other students. A good example is that a number of teachers make arrangements for students to get rewards at home in the form of presents or special… Continue Reading...
punishment, to the final death spiral."8 While these more benign techniques may not rise to the level of the rack or thumb screws, it is clear that any practice that can produce these levels of reaction must be regarded as torture. In this regard, Howes points out that, “We know that the reasons for torture's ineffectiveness stem from the fact that it is different from other forms of coercion. Consider some of the techniques used against detainees at Guantanamo Bay, Cuba (techniques that have been called ‘torture light’ to indicate… Continue Reading...
punishment for sin: “He embodies the covenant faithfulness, the restorative justice, of the sovereign God; and with his stripes ‘we’ (presumably the ‘we’ of the remnant, looking on in wonder and fear) are healed.”[footnoteRef:3] However, it is not a matter of an end to suffering in the world—but rather the beginning of a way to God through suffering. It is like instead of seeing evil and running away from God because the evil is too overwhelming one sees the evil and…[…… parts of this paper are missing, click here to… Continue Reading...
punishment in order to “get through” to the child. This in turn could create a further rift between parent and child, depending on the child’s age and the severity of the punishment. Parents can feel a kind of “fight or flight” instinct in their approach to the child, or a passive-aggressive manner in their approach that is counter-productive because it is inconsistent and ultimately ineffective in addressing the issues. Parents can feel overwhelmed, unprepared, and inefficient when it comes to raising a child with ADHD or ODD.
Positive Methods… Continue Reading...
sense to have in place stricter laws and policies against police brutality, and to prosecute officers who use excessive force. Punishments could be internal to the force, such as suspensions or terminations, or they could be filed as criminal charges, leading to possible prison terms.
Race is a significant factor in police brutality, which can also be explained by basic behaviorism. As Weaver (2014) points out, many law enforcement officers act reflexively when they encounter a person of color: a cognitive process known as implicit bias. Implicit bias is part of ingrained learned behavior, a socially learned behavioral response to external stimuli. A quarter of all Americans who are fatally… Continue Reading...
introduced into earthly paradise by way of man’s disobedience and God’s just punishment of man’s sin. Today, man must combat not only his own weak will and desire to serve self over God, but also he must combat the temptations of Satan, who seeks to destroy man’s relationship with God. This is the root of evil—and God permits it because He wants man to have a free will to choose Him. Love is not love that does not have choice in the matter.[footnoteRef:3] This paper will show why all evil is permitted as an effect of Original Sin and is allowed by… Continue Reading...
with the greed circle. This fourth circle hosts those souls undergoing punishment for greed. Here, Dante and Virgil meet souls who are condemned to drag heavy loads from one place to another. The all important question I shall be seeking to answer is: is greed satiable? A bottomless pit, greed fatigues an individual and keeps one focused on an eternal pursuit of needs that will never be fully satisfied.
Discussion
In Dante’s inferno, greed, as has been pointed out in the introductory section, is identified as the fourth circle of hell (Fowlie 141). This is where the souls of persons undergoing… Continue Reading...
from her punishment, and the act that caused it, Hester it seems, celebrated it. “On the breast of her gown, in fine red cloth, surrounded with an elaborate embroidery and fantastic flourishes of gold-thread, appeared the letter A. It was so artistically done, and with so much fertility and gorgeous luxuriance of fancy, that it had all the effect of a last and fitting decoration to the apparel which she wore; and which was of a splendor in accordance with the taste of the age, but greatly beyond what was allowed by… Continue Reading...
punishment suffered from one migrant generation to another, it is crucial to promoting their upward mobility and providing them avenues for building cultural capital. Undocumented migrants experience limited domestic travel ability as well, on account of the risks linked to driving without licenses and the risk of deportation. International travel is even more difficult as their re-entry into the country would need to be in the form of a clandestine crossing of a progressively more militarized border (Enriquez 944-950).
At one time, people dreamed of coming to the US and… Continue Reading...
