Ray and Joan Kroc Center of Chicago Case Study

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Ray and Joan Kroc Community Center of Chicago

The Ray and Joan Kroc Corps Community Center is more than just an aquatic or fitness center. It's a holistic approach to bringing the community together to change lives, and help to end the violence in Chicago. -- The Salvation Army Metropolitan Division, 2012

Studies have shown time and again that the earlier children are introduced to meaningful learning environments, the better they tend to perform academically in later years. The research to date also suggests that because philanthropic resources are scarce, it is important to use these funding resources to their maximum advantage in delivering the wide range of social and educational services needed by many inner-city and lower socioeconomic populations today. Therefore, by identifying and comparing the types and quality of services provided by such organizations represents a timely and valuable enterprise. To this end, this paper provides an examination of the neighborhood context, including the history of the area, a description of current issues affecting the area including unemployment, foreclosure, high school education and violence rates to demonstrate why the Kroc Community Center is needed. A discussion of the various services that are offered at the Kroc Community Center, including its target population for these services, and the fee required for these services is followed by a discussion concerning whether there or not local families can afford these services. Finally, a discussion concerning the Kroc's Center building and operating costs and sources of funding is followed by a comparison of services offered at the Kids Off the Block organization with respect to grassroots or corporate philanthropy. A summary of the research and important findings concerning the foregoing issues are provided in the paper's conclusion.

Review and Discussion

Context of the Delivery Setting

Prior to World War I, a number of districts were forged out of the region south of Chicago, including South Chicago (Lewis, 2008). During the same period, George Pullman transferred his railroad passenger car factory from Detroit to the planned industrial suburb which bore his name (Lewis, 2008). According to Lewis, "While Pullman built a model town designed to produce individual profits and social harmony, another form of land development took place at West Pullman" (p. 57). The "other form of land development" involved separating the industrial district of West Pullman from the residential districts in the surrounding communities (Lewis, 2008). In the following years, the West Pullman community was divided into discrete residential and industrial districts, as well as separate areas for the more affluent citizens (Lewis, 2008). Property restrictions kept most African-Americans out of West Pullman until the 1960s, at which point blacks were able to gain access to fringe properties (Reiff, 2004).

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As a reflection of the fundamental demographic changes that have taken place in this Chicago district, in 1930, West Pullman was almost completely (98.4%) white, with just 0.6% of its population being black, and 1.0% other races; by contrast, in 2000, there were just 945 whites left in West Pullman (or 2.6%), with the overwhelming majority of its residents being African-American (34,399 or 93.9%) Today, the community is faced with the legacy of its industrialized past, and part of the West Pullman industrial district has been designated as an EPA brownfield as a result In addition, high foreclosure rates that were concomitant with the subprime mortgage meltdown in 2008 and current high unemployment remain significant constraints for many West Pullman residents, making the need for additional community resources all the more pressing It was in this context that the Ray and Joan Kroc Community Center was conceived by Joan Kroc, the wife of the founder of McDonald's. According to the Kroc Center's Web site, the vision was to "build state-of-the-art facilities in underserved communities throughout the nation with the highest quality recreational and arts facilities to ensure that all children have equal opportunities to build their natural gifts and talents" (Kroc Center, 2012, para. 1). In fulfillment of this vision, following her death in 2003, Mrs. Kroc endowed the Salvation Army with the largest private donation in history, almost $2 billion, for the specific purpose of constructing these centers across the country where they were most needed and provided the funds to operate them in perpetuity (Kroc Center, 2012). The community and social service facility is situated on 33 acres located in West Pullman with a wide range of facilities that are grouped into the following categories: (a) Family Life and Education Center; (b) Academy of the Arts; (c) Sports Training and Recreation Center; and (d) Aquatic Center (Kroc Center, 2012). These four general facilities include numerous specialized resources and services. For instance, according to a recent report from Lipkin (June 14, 2012), "The Ray and Joan Kroc Community Center, in West Pullman, is expansive -- the building is 160,000 square feet on 33 acres of land. The center, which opens officially on Saturday, features a theater, recording studio, classrooms, four gymnasiums, an indoor track, a fitness center, two pools, a football field, and a baseball field" (2012, para. 1). The construction costs for the Kroc Center were estimated at $70 million (Lipkin, 2012).

Services Offered at the Kroc Center, Target Population and Funding Sources

The facilities, services and programs offered at the Kroc Center are not free, but they are modestly priced (memberships for children are $15 a year, $20 for senior citizens, $35 for.....

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