Reliability and Validity in Psychological Thesis

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Millon himself stated the test is "not a general personality instrument to be used for 'normal' populations or for purposes other than diagnostic screening or clinical assessments" (Psychological testing, 2009, IPT). The test is only for use with subjects who are already known to exhibit psychopathology and personality disorders. It is best to use to refine a diagnosis that is already supported by other evidence and is not suitable as an initial assessment instrument.

On the Rorschach, what is the Lambda? What does a Lambda of .80 indicate?

The Lambda is a measure of the subject's openness. Subjects with high measures of Lambda (>1) tend to be resistant to revealing a great deal about themselves. Or, they may try to simplify their psychological issues by ignoring the complexities of life. Subjects with low Lambda ratings tend to have few form-driven responses and show higher tolerance of ambiguity (Ganellen, 1996, p.31).

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The Lambda is also important because it takes into consideration the tendency of some psychological subjects to hide their pathology through withholding responses. For example, in one sampling of depressed adolescents from a psychiatric ward, their mean Lambda was .65, compared with 1.75 of a controlled group. Their use of color and shading would seem to indicate lower levels of pathology, but only because of their paucity of responses. High scores on the Lambda are similar to high scores on the lie scale of the MMPI-2 (Ganellen 1996, p.32)......

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