Diabetes Article Critique

Total Length: 1464 words ( 5 double-spaced pages)

Total Sources: 2

Page 1 of 5

Critique

The article by Lynch et al. (2019) is entitled “Randomized Trial of a Lifestyle Intervention for Urban Low-Income African Americans with Type 2 Diabetes” and appeared in JGIM: Journal of General Internal Medicine. The article by Protheroe et al. (2016) is entitled “The Feasibility of Health Trainer Improved Patient Self-Management in Patients with Low Health Literacy and Poorly Controlled Diabetes: A Pilot Randomised Controlled Trial” and appeared in Journal of Diabetes Research. This paper will critique the two articles by evaluating information pertaining to their titles, abstracts, introductions, background sections and the authors’ discussion of their respective studies’ significance. Information pertaining to the studies’ statement of problem, research questions or hypotheses, literature review, theoretical framework, ethical considerations and research design will be evaluated as well. The criteria used to critique the articles come from that provided by Polit and Beck (2017).

Title

According to Polit and Beck’s (2017) criteria for a well-written title, neither article had a sufficiently formulated title. The title by Protheroe et al. (2016) contained the primary concept of the study—namely, feasibility of health trainer improved patient self-management, and it also identified the population and design of the study—but it did not define the length of the study. Lynch et al. (2019) also failed to identify the length of the study in their title; however, like Protheroe et al. (2016), they did include the primary concept of lifestyle intervention for urban low-income African Americans with type 2 diabetes, and they did identify the population and design of the study.

Abstract

Protheroe et al. (2016) provided an unstructured abstract in fewer than 250 words. Sufficient information was given for the reader to decipher whether the article would be applicable or relevant. As Polit and Beck (2017) note, an abstract should be fewer than 250 words and contain a brief description of the study. It should also include the research questions, what methods were used, and the researcher found, and the abstract given by Protheroe et al. (2016) met all those conditions. The same goes for the one given by Lynch et al. (2019). Sufficient keywords were provided by Lynch et al. (2019) to search their article on databases. However, no keywords were provided by Protheroe et al. (2016).


Introduction, Background and Significance

Funding was provided for both articles. The National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) under its Research for Patient Benefit Programme (Grant Reference no. PB-PG-0110-20033) provided funding for the study by Protheroe et al. (2016). The National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases of the National Institutes of Health under award number R01DK092271 and the National Institute for Heart Lung and Blood (NHLBI), grant number 1P50HL105189-01, provided funding for the study by Lynch et al. (2019). Both…

[…… parts of this paper are missing, click here to view the entire document ]

…they met the rest of Polit and Beck’s (2017) criteria.

Research Design

Protheroe et al. (2016) used a randomized control trial for their research design. Lynch et al. (2019) did the same. According to Polit and Beck (2017), “a control group is a key part of large trials, randomization helps to ensure that no bias affects the selection of people for the control group, and a study will publish baseline measurements for both groups to allow the reader direct comparison” (p. 10). Protheroe et al. (2016) abided by the same criteria: their randomized control trial was comparing a group of patients that had a lay health trainer (LHT) with a group of patients that received the usual care for diabetes education. The control group in their study received usual medical care provided to patients with their condition.

Lynch et al. (2019) also abided by the criteria described by Polit and Beck (2017): the randomized control trial they conducted was comparing a group of African American patients that would receive Lifestyle Improvement through Food and Exercise (LIFE) intervention. The control group received conventional Type 2 diabetes education which consisted of two group educational classes.

Both studies thus used a sufficiently non-biased research design (level II) with a randomized control trial in which they could conduct a test and obtain data. The study could be judged to be valid and reliable: they both measure what….....

Show More ⇣


     Open the full completed essay and source list


OR

     Order a one-of-a-kind custom essay on this topic


Related Essays

Diabetes Health and Prevention

Diabetes Education and Prevention · Diabetes is a chronic disease related to the body’s ability to use insulin. · There is Type 1 diabetes which someone is born with and is a lifelong illness. · There is Type 2 diabetes that comes from poor diet and bad lifestyle choices. · To prevent Type 2 diabetes people must do several things. They are: 1. Exercise at least 15 minutes a day 2. Eat the recommended amount of 20-25 grams of fiber each day. 3. Eat at least 5 servings of fruits… Continue Reading...

Diabetes Mellitus in Rural Settings

Clinical Problem: Diabetes Mellitus in Rural Settings Mid-range nursing theories can be extremely useful in understanding specific clinical issues. These theories are less broad and all-encompassing than so-called grand theories of nursing such as Jean Watson’s Theory of Human Caring and seek to offer a more technical and practical approach to applying theory in daily practice (Alligood, 2018). This paper will specifically examine the application of Kristen Swanson’s Theory of Caring to the treatment of patients suffering from diabetes mellitus living in rural settings without adequate access to healthcare. Virtually all nursing… Continue Reading...

Diabetes Education and Prevention Health Promotion

Health Promotion: Diabetes Education and Prevention Given the need for specificity in nursing theory for addressing a particular topic such as diabetes education and prevention, Nola Pender’s Health Promotion Model would seem to be particularly useful. The model is designed to assist people in making needed lifestyle changes. It is based upon the presumption that people wish to maximize their health potential and possess enough self-awareness to grow in their capacity to self-regulate (Pender, 2013, p.5). While health professionals can act as facilitators, ultimately the model focuses on people’s ability to engage… Continue Reading...

Diabetes and Self Care

and Purpose of Study Self-care regimens that require a lot of input are necessary in making the study of diabetes effective. A lot of people with diabetes undergo distress. The diabetes distress is commonly described as the distress that arises from the effect of the diabetes symptoms, regimens for self management, the fear that there would be complications and functionality failure. The diabetes stress stabilizes after some time. It has been found that about a third of all diabetes type 2 patients are prone to diabetes stress regarded as clinically significant. Diabetes distress severely affects adult diabetic patients with a poor diabetes management plan. Such patients stand a high… Continue Reading...

Type 2 Diabetes Education

Diabetes Type 2 is a prevalent disease with cases growing each year. Type 1 diabetes is also a concern especially regarding disease management. A useful assessment tool/technique for monitoring blood glucose levels for both type 1 and 2 is the A1C test. Otherwise known as the glycated hemoglobin test, the blood test provides the patient with information on the average blood sugar level within the past two to three months (Leong et al., 2017). A1C also measures blood sugar percentage attached to hemoglobin or oxygen-carrying protein within red blood cells.… Continue Reading...

Healthcare Administration and Diabetes

Pre-diabetes Condition Burden of disease: disability/morbidity The word 'pre-diabetes' applies to persons highly susceptible to contracting diabetes mellitus (type 2). Those diagnosed as pre-diabetic have sustained, higher-than-normal blood glucose levels; however, these levels are not sufficiently high to be characterized as diabetes. Pre-diabetics suffer from either IGT (impaired glucose tolerance), or IFG (impaired fasting glucose), or both. The former denotes a condition wherein glucose tolerance levels of individuals after two hours of glucose consumption lie between 140 and 199 milligrams/deciliter whereas the latter refers to a condition wherein fasting blood… Continue Reading...

Hypertension and Diabetes

and hypertension in adults aged 30-40 years old), this study aims to investigate the relationship between hypertension and type 2 diabetes in Saudi Arabia. In Saudi Arabia obesity is an emerging problem and hypertension is on the increase (Al Othaimeen, Al Nozha & Osman, 2007; Al-Nozha, Abdullah, Arafah et al., 2007). Investigating the dietary habits of Saudis and the onset of hypertension and diabetes type 2 among adults aged 25-40 will be helpful in establishing a preventive medicine approach that can be implemented by health care practitioners in the KSA to help reduce the spread of these diseases through proper dietary controls and healthy interventions. This study would obtain data… Continue Reading...

Disparities and Diabetes Among Latinos

Disparities and Diabetes among Latinos The whole world is experiencing diabetes-related health disparities, co-morbidities and its complications. There is a wide range of literature available showing that ethnic and race minorities are at a greater risk of developing diabetes compared to the majority groups. The disparities are a result of a combination of factors; they are both clinical and biological. They are also strongly associated with the system of health and factors related to social dynamics. The term ethnicity is a complex one. It reflects a convergence of multi-dimensional factors ranging from… Continue Reading...

How to Treat Diabetes

There are various types of diabetes, including type 1, type 2, gestational, and juvenile diabetes. Type 1 diabetes occurs when the body fails to produce adequate amounts of insulin. It most often is found in children and young adults which is why it is now referred to as juvenile diabetes. Type 2 diabetes occurs when cells fail to respond to insulin. This subtle distinction makes a great deal of difference in terms of treating the two types of diabetes (Arcangelo & Peterson, 2006). It is also worth noting that type 2 diabetes tends to set… Continue Reading...

Health Screening for Diabetes

Community based Screening of type 2 diabetes mellitus The diabetes menace in the US is rampant and a national concern for the health agencies particularly rearing the high rates of new diabetes cases that emerge each year. It is estimated that by 1958, only 1% of the American population were diabetic, this has tremendously shot up to the estimated 9.4% by 2015. This number includes 30.2 million adults of 18 years and over. Of even greater concern in this evaluation or screening process is that nearly a quarter of the individuals with this condition do not… Continue Reading...

Intervening to Prevent Diabetes

the mainly African American population was suffering from high rates of diabetes. The Community Action Partnerships for Health Organization (CAPHO) was contacted to see if it would be will to work with the heath care community to address the problem of diabetes in the county. CAPHO agreed and set about developing a plan with objectives, sub-objectives and action items. The goal was to reduce the rate of diabetes among the population through prevention. Background of the Organization CAPHO “had been providing services to low-income African American women for ten years” (Harris, 2010, p. 183) so it was willing to address this… Continue Reading...

Family-Based Diabetes Intervention for Hispanic Adults and Their Family Members

Rapid Critical Appraisal A Family-Based Diabetes Intervention for Hispanic Adults and Their Family Members 1. Are the results of the study valid? a. Was there a representative and well defined sample of patients at a similar point in the course of the disease? Yes No Unknown The study recruited participants who had type 2 diabetes and 1 family member from a community clinic that mostly serves uninsired patients. All the participants identified themselves as Hispanic aged over 18 years, had self reported that they suffered from type 2 diabetes and they had a family member… Continue Reading...

Role of the FDA with Prescription Drugs

drug. Indeed, John's wife was taking the drug for diabetes, not Alzheimer's. As such, there seems like there might be a problem with AD23 in any formulation or dosage. As such, any variations or versions of the drug need to be analyzed and pulled from the market if they are indeed not safe (Lipworth, Kerridge & Day, 2013). One last ethical issue that is perhaps not as obvious in terms but should still be mentioned is that which pertains to paying bonuses for prescription drugs and the amount in which they are sold. To use a better example than… Continue Reading...

The Impact of Chronic Disease

diseases that become more and more prevalent each year are diseases like multiple sclerosis and diabetes. Diabetes is a notoriously expensive chronic illness to manage. Patients often experience complications from the disease like vision loss, high blood pressure, heart disease, and amputation (Institute of Medicine (U.S.), 2012). That is why diabetes must be managed and prevented. Type II diabetes for example is often acquired through poor diet choices and leading a sedentary life (Institute of Medicine (U.S.), 2012). If people manage to identify and self-regulate these decisions and choose healthy alternatives and commit to more daily exercise, it can have a profound impact on the… Continue Reading...

Healthcare System and Practice Guideline

clinical practice guidelines. The selected healthcare system practice guideline is Management of Diabetes Mellitus in Primary Care (2017). This particular guideline delineates the important decision points in the Management of Diabetes Mellitus (DM) and provides well-outlines and wide-ranging evidence based recommendations assimilating prevailing information and practices for practitioners throughout Department of Defense (DoD) and Veretan Affairs (VA) Health Care Systems. Diabetes mellitus is an illness that is caused either by an absolute or relative deficiency in insulin giving rise to hyperglycemia. Type 1 DM (T1DM) is as a result of insulin secretion shortage not emanating from insulin resistance, whereas type 2 DM… Continue Reading...

Role and Importance of Bilingual Interpreters

that often necessitate the use of an interpreter in the healthcare delivery process. In urgent medical cases like diabetes, ad hoc interpreters who are usually family members act as interpreters between the patient and the healthcare provider. While these family members continue to play a critical role in patient-provider communication, many elderly Hispanics fail to adhere to medications and other treatment regimes effectively. This compromises the quality of healthcare and patient outcomes among this population, especially those suffering from diabetes. Therefore, the healthcare sector is faced with the need for improving patient-provider communication among elderly Hispanic patients suffering from diabetes. The poor patient outcomes associated with the use… Continue Reading...

The Impact of Using Bilingual Call Compared To Family Interpreters Research Paper

of primary and preventative care. This challenge is prevalent in elderly Hispanic immigrants and Mexican Americans. There is 18.3 % prevalence of diabetes among the Hispanic communities for undiagnosed and diagnosed patients. They are predisposed to diabetic disorders due to cardiometabolic abnormalities. There is a relatively high margin in the prevalence of the disorder compared to non-Hispanics which stand at 10.2%. The management of diabetes necessitates for close correspondence with the physician in keeping personal records, management of nutrition as well as personal knowledge about the quality of life. The role of an interpreter is to ensure that the patients get quality health care as well as English speaking patients or better.… Continue Reading...

Provider Patient Communication Through Professional Interpreters

Mexican Americans are among patient populations facing relatively high rates of diabetes. Sentell & Braun (2012) contend that the prevalence of rates of diabetes among Hispanic communities for diagnosed and undiagnosed patients is approximately 18.3%. These populations are pre-disposed to diabetic disorders due to several factors including limited knowledge, lack of access to resources, and cardiometabolic mechanisms (Detz et al., 2014). Since most of these patients are Limited English Proficiency (LEP) patients, they experience tremendous communication challenges as they seek for healthcare services for their diabetic conditions. Communication between healthcare providers and LEP patients is significantly affected by language barriers even… Continue Reading...

Childhood Obesity Prevention

diet and lifestyle of the children, factors that are known to significantly influence whether one gets to develop diabetes or not. The children are also direct players in the health matters affecting them and their dietary habits hence these two groups form the core focus of the literature herein. Significant data for parents Studies have it that some parts of the US post two-thirds of the residents as being either obese or overweight. The numbers are so massive hence a practical challenge to hospitals that needs to handle this massive number of obese people, the parents and the community stakeholders too feel the burden of obesity in the… Continue Reading...

Chronic Kidney Disease

the efficient use of the kidneys, the body’s stability and health are threatened. Heart disease, stroke, diabetes, and anemia are all possible outcomes that an individual may experience as a result of kidney failure. As there are more than 200,000 cases of chronic kidney disease every year (Mayo Clinic, 2018), this is a serious problem that is deserving of study—especially as the etiology of chronic kidney disease is still somewhat unknown. One project funded by the National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences (2018) that focuses on understanding chronic kidney disease is a research study titled “Longitudinal Study of Risk Factors for Mesoamerican Nephropathy among Agricultural Workers… Continue Reading...

sample essay writing service

Cite This Resource:

Latest APA Format (6th edition)

Copy Reference
"Diabetes" (2019, October 11) Retrieved June 15, 2024, from
https://www.aceyourpaper.com/essays/diabetes-2174649

Latest MLA Format (8th edition)

Copy Reference
"Diabetes" 11 October 2019. Web.15 June. 2024. <
https://www.aceyourpaper.com/essays/diabetes-2174649>

Latest Chicago Format (16th edition)

Copy Reference
"Diabetes", 11 October 2019, Accessed.15 June. 2024,
https://www.aceyourpaper.com/essays/diabetes-2174649