Related Essays
in the Progressive-Era,” Anne Durst describes the Day Nursery Movement that got underway in the early 20th century as a result of progressive-minded women looking to help single mothers who needed someone to watch their young children while they went to work to earn a living for their families. The purpose of Durst in writing the article was to highlight Day Nursery Movement in America and show how women worked together to help one another at a critical time in Progressive America. Durst’s article is well-researched and information and sheds light on a subject that is usually off people’s radar. Durst’s main thesis is that… Continue Reading...
United States was always a settler nation, immigration trends changed in the early 20th century. Immigrants from Southern Europe and Eastern Europe started to pour in before the First World War, pushed by economic uncertainties and outright poverty and pulled by the promise of readymade jobs in rapidly industrializing America (“Immigration in the Early 1900s” 1). American immigration policy favored these new immigrants to fill needed low-wage positions in industry. As Zolberg points out, the new immigrants were expected to assimilate into America’s “melting pot” ideal, rather than to create a multicultural nation but self-segregation of immigrant communities proved inevitable. Race-based immigration… Continue Reading...
Accept, qualify or refute the contention that failure of late 19th-early 20th century reforms and the subsequent collapse of the imperial system spelled the end for Confucianism in China.
Although the effectiveness of the attempted reforms implemented in China in the late 19th through early 20th century undoubtedly had significant implications for the followers of Confucianism and its status as a state religion, it would be a stretch to say that it spelled the end of this religion, or ideology, and that it was completely eradicated. Although the followers of Confucianism today represent only a small fraction of the world's… Continue Reading...
developed during the late 19th century and early 20th century. A seminal figure in the development of this theory was Fredrick W. Taylor. Taylor asserted that production efficiency could be achieved by reducing the amount of time and effort each worker spent in producing a single unit of output (Griffin, 2008). He believed that division of labor and greater specialization could enhance efficiency; and that the most efficient way of dividing labor was through scientific techniques as opposed to intuitive or informal knowledge (Sheldrake, 2003).
Taylor's theory was particularly based on four principles: 1) examine how workers… Continue Reading...
early 20th century to the late 20th century; so while modern Russia has a veneer of democratic representation about it, the supreme authority is still Putin, who wields incredible power via his own state apparatus, which consists of various agencies, which he personally oversees. At the same time, this is typically the perception of the West, but it must be remembered the Putin is an elected official whose term will end at some point and the Russian people will elect another leader. So it cannot be said that Russia today… Continue Reading...
early 20th century. Yet Woodson accomplishes far more than mere complaining in the book. The author sets forth a comprehensive strategy whereby the African American community can counterbalance the mis-education of the Negro.
For example, Woodson shows that the substantive content of the curriculum and of classroom discourse can be changed dramatically by having more African Americans take charge of their own narrative. Instead of stories that are even inadvertently racist in nature, designed to depict non-whites as being inferior or irrelevant versus whites, new stories can be told. Therefore,… Continue Reading...
Overall, the work is very well-conceived and executed and provides a significant insight into the world of 19th century and early 20th century America. This paper will provide an examination of the article by Carrigan and Webb and discuss its aims, merits, and accomplishments in detail in order to show why this article can be recommended to anyone interested in American history.
The article focuses on documenting the number of lynchings suffered by Mexicans in America during the 19th and early 20th centuries. It provides a history of research on mob violence against Mexicans, details about particular cases, historical context, statistics on lynchings (most took place in Texas, followed closely… Continue Reading...
and early 20th century, as the eugenics movement got underway. Scientists and researchers were interested in controlling the population development in the West by genetically engineering the human race. Birth control came about as a result of the eugenics movement. It was viewed as a way to limit the nature of unappealing persons who added nothing positive to the gene pool.
However by mid-century the idea that human behavior was largely learned became a dominant view thanks to the experiments of Skinner and Bandura. They showed that children could be taught… Continue Reading...
to explain the transformation from traditional family norms of the early 20th century to the mixture of families today. Today, single parenting is the new norm as half of all marriages end in divorce. More and more people are going unwed and not having children as well. The population is aging and there are effects to all these factors that are discussed as well. The pros and cons of these trends are examined and described.
Introduction
The traditional family of one hundred years ago used to be the sociological norm; today, however, the new norm is that there is no… Continue Reading...
instance, Claude Bernard, a French physiologist in the early 20th century who was widely referred to as “the father of physiology” claimed at the time that, “Experiments on animals are entirely conclusive for the toxicology and hygiene of man. The effects of these substances are the same on man as on animals, save for differences in degree” (as cited in Hajar, 2011, p. 2). Moreover, Bernard went on to even include animal experimentation as an fundamental element of the modern scientific method (Hajar, 2011).
Against this backdrop, it is not surprising that many scientists continue to support the… Continue Reading...
came to the fore to challenge the sensibilities and pretensions of the early 20th century. Dada was as much a protest against the bourgeois as it was a slap in the face of the rising Fascist Movement. Hitler despised the Dadaists and the Dadaists despised him. Hoch counted herself as one among the Dadaists during the Weimar period—a period in which art and life came into intense conflict, while the universal stage was being set for the final showdown between the new and the old in WWII. For that reason—and for the reason that Hoch’s art gets to the heart of the… Continue Reading...
proposed prohibition saw alcoholism as a reason for increased family violence, addition, and political corruption. Therefore, during the late 19th century and early 20th century, pockets of areas in the United States began enforcing alcohol prohibition. Those that supported it saw the act as a victory for public health and ethics.
Nonetheless, what may have seemed like a huge victory for morality, turned into a dangerous means of advancing and increasing the power of street gangs. "By eliminating legitimate suppliers of a commodity in high public demand, the state created a monopoly for illegitimate entrepreneurs. It was Prohibition that converted small, localized gangs into large, powerful, and wealthy regional and even national… Continue Reading...
What is the crime on trial? Provide a brief summary.
The crime on trial is for false registration, an election offense. In the early 20th century in New York, election fraud was a serious issue and Teddy Roosevelt as a member of the Board of Commissioners at the end of the 19th century in New York had pledged to crack down on election fraud because of the stronghold on the voting process held by Tammany Hall. Thus, this trial emerged just a few short years after that crackdown began as an example of the type of issues the city was having. This case in particular centered on Edward Lawless, the defendant, charged and… Continue Reading...
zone of proximal development (ZPD) theory. Vygotsky was an early 20th century Soviet thinker who articulated the idea that individuals learn most effectively when they are aided by other skilled individuals who know how to perform a certain task. Child learners can benefit, for example, from being placed in a zone of proximal development: alone or confined to a sphere in which they are surrounded by only their own peers—young children like themselves who have none of the skill sets that this same group of learners is expected to develop over time—they are cut off from the essential source… Continue Reading...
Bois, the author of The Souls of Black Folk, was one of the most notable African-American activists of the early 20th century. In this seminal work, Du Bois outlined what he called the double consciousness of African-Americans, “the sense of looking at one’s self through the eyes of others” (Du Bois 5). Black people were simultaneously excluded from mainstream American society yet also forced to understand it, given that they were rendered into a state of economic dependence on whites, thanks to the legacy of slavery Du Bois also made a claim for African-American culture to be the most American of all cultures, given that it was a unique… Continue Reading...
also differ from one another.
By the early 20th century, Ireland had fully adapted most British parliamentary democratic institutions, albeit with important tweaks. One tweak has been the evolution of the Irish constitution. The current Irish Constitution (Bunreacht na hÉireann/The 1937 Constitution of Eire) dates from 1937. In contrast, the United Kingdom has actually never had a singular document it would call a Constitution. Instead of a formal Constitution outlining the systems, branches, forms, functions, and limitations of government, Britain relies on its system of common law, and the traditions that have long been embedded in the… Continue Reading...
examines the blues songs by Gertrude Rainey and Bessie Smith from the early 20th century. To judge of these songs by the lyrics alone and the context in which they were written seems unfair. It would help me to better understand them to hear them performed. Music is more than just the words that are composed. Having to dissect the lyrics without actually hearing the songs is what I did not like about this chapter. I am not very familiar with blues music so I also did not really know how to hear these songs in my head.
I also wondered about… Continue Reading...
out, prison wardens partnered with psychologists seeking training opportunities and subjects for experiments since the early 20th century. Prison psychologists have had at their disposal access to subjects for research into the endogenous and exogenous factors that may cause or contribute to criminal behavior. Prisoners have long been viewed as a relatively dispensable part of the human population and the lack of attention given to their treatment remains a major ethnical infraction (Magaletta, et al., 2016). The psychological make-up of offenders, whose behavior may be symptomatic of underlying preexisting conditions ranging from mood disorders like anxiety and depression to personality disorders to psychoses, presents unique… Continue Reading...
