physical prowess and training needs for maximum military preparedness (Thompson).
Eden claims that gender differences in ability are “deal breakers in combat,” which does make sense (43). Yet research does reveal that the physical strength argument reveals astonishing double standards. For one, not all men can compete at the highest level and many underperform a woman in peak performance. “Many women have the physical strength and stamina to engage in ground combat while many men do not,” (Klenke 44). Second, Klenke notes that women are often systematically excluded from training exercises that might have helped them to improve their performance—something that is also… Continue Reading...
greater levels of some of the gender identity dimensions and therefore opt to analyze whether gender differences exist in network selection and in the magnitude of peer network influence.
III. Methods
In terms of methodology, the authors used a longitudinal social network modeling approach. The sample of the study comprised of 670 participants in total, with 330 students being on the 7th grade whereas the remaining 30 students being on the 8th grade.
IV. Results and Conclusion
The authors start by linking their findings to the general objective of the study, to examine peer influences in between- and within-gender dimensions of GI in young adolescents’… Continue Reading...
This study sheds light on what motivates people to volunteer at animal shelters. The study also shows what gender differences, if any, exist between the motivations of volunteers. It was assumed that women were motivated more by emotional appeals, such as images of cute animals or images of suffering animals that need human help, versus being socially pressured to volunteer or by being made to feel guilty for not volunteering. The reverse was assumed for the male cohort, with men more likely to be motivated by the social pressures to volunteer, and the guilt that comes from not volunteering their time. It was also assumed that men would… Continue Reading...
overwhelming presence of women in the world of dog rescue. Possible reasons for the gender gap are related to gender differences in attitudes towards animals, towards animal rescue operations, and towards animal rights philosophies. The gender gap in animal shelter volunteerism may be linked to a broader pattern of gender differences in other volunteer sectors. Yet there may be specific issues related to the nature of animal welfare work that attract more women than men. For example, Davis (2013) points out that animal shelters present "emotional situations that are not found in other volunteer capacities," and women may be generally more willing to endure the specific stressors of shelter… Continue Reading...
are coming to the surface. Quader (2011) in his recent study also highlights how emotional intelligence affects gender differences in the workplace. He writes that recent literature has overwhelmingly managed to create a "virtual industry" for the relationship that exists between the aspects of gender differences and emotional intelligence (Quader, 2011). The trend of rising research on the phenomenon of emotional intelligence and it's influence on the corporate performance is not only limited or restricted to just the U.S. The proof of that was in a recent study conducted by Van Genderen (2012) who compared the research done with the U.S. to that conducted within Russia. The… Continue Reading...
Examination Survey data analysis depicted similar pre-diabetes rates among Non-Hispanic White individuals (35%), Mexican-American (36%) and Non-Hispanic Black individuals (35%). The 2010 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey data was utilized to conduct a research work, which discovered gender differences based on ethnicity: pre-diabetes rates were consistent across females from different ethnic populations; however, rates were lower in non-Hispanic black men as opposed… Continue Reading...
contrasting masculine discourse of professionalism in their identity construction labours (Lewis, 2013, p. 252).
Essentially, Lewis states women attempt to unite their awareness of gender differences with the accepted norm of a business ideal that leans towards masculinity to create and assume their own entrepreneurial identity.
Entrepreneurial identity remains an important aspect of being an entrepreneur. It is not simply becoming a leader, or assuming responsibility. An entrepreneur must think a certain way, behave a certain way, be a certain way. Unfortunately, because women entrepreneurs are a recent breakthrough, women can only base their ideas of what an entrepreneur is from men. How is that not engendered entrepreneurship? It appears women must learn to… Continue Reading...
is cumulative, in that a good experience with volunteering is more likely to lead to the motivation to volunteer again. Therefore, recruiting new volunteers becomes challenging.
Gender Differences in Motivation to Volunteer
Historically, women have been involved in animal rights activism. In the 19th century, for example, antivivisection societies were almost exclusively female (Markovitz & Queen, 2009). The typical animal shelter volunteer is not only female but also white, heterosexual, employed, pet owning, and between the ages of 40 and 59 (Markovitz & Queen, 2009). The reason for women's historical engagement with volunteer activities is likely due to women's exclusion from the paid labor market until around the time of Second World War. Therefore, women have… Continue Reading...
to the next. Indeed, a study on the matter proved this as they examined gender differences at random by pulling from a random pot of nearly 1,200 managers in 74 countries. Even when women and men had similar opportunities and leadership positions, the things that they strived for and were passionate about tended to be quite different. Women tended to focus on things like diversity, intercultural empathy and diplomacy. On the other hand men were more focused on stronger global leadership self-efficacies such as business savvy, going for a cosmopolitan outlook and good impacts of an interpersonal nature (Javidan, Bullough & Dibble, 2016).
While… Continue Reading...
place to solve such barriers. One of the common barriers within the organization is gender differences. The personnel within the business comprise of both men and women, and the key hindrance in communication lies in the fact that they have different styles of communication which can at times work against them. For instance, in general, women prefer asking questions prior to commencing on a project whereas men tend to delve into projects right away. In turn, this can generate a perspective of lack of preparedness. The main strategy of avoiding this barrier… Continue Reading...
way, understand the same idiomatic expressions or humor, or conceptualize ethics in the same way. Knowing gender differences also helps the investigator remain sensitive to different communication styles. Investigators need to empower the subject, rather than antagonize, in order to elicit as much credible and useful information as possible.
Another important skill for the investigator is the establishment of both rapport and empathy. To establish rapport and empathy, the investigator will rely on situational and contextual cues, including the demographics of the subject, the time and place of the meeting, and the background story of the subject too. The investigator needs to create a harmonious environment… Continue Reading...
