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validity test if it accurately mirrors that which the researchers set about to investigate. In quantitative research, as Polit and Beck (2012) point out, “researchers strive to design studies that are strong with respect to all four types of study validity” (p. 303). As the authors further point out, while an attempt to enhance one kind of validity may benefit another form of validity, efforts to ensure one kind of validity sometimes end up interfering with the achievement of other validity types. The four kinds of validity to be taken into consideration in the review of a research design are identified as external validity, internal… Continue Reading...
focus.
Q2. Discuss the value of using a conceptual framework or theory (grand or mid-range) to guide a quantitative research study. Address the debate of the appropriateness of using of a conceptual framework or theory to guide a qualitative research study.
Within the framework of nursing research in particular, it is not unusual to use a nursing theory to frame the structure of a quantitative study, particularly to narrow a hypothesis and build upon previous research (Thompson, 2017). The risk is using a theory which is overly theoretical in its approach for a data-driven study. Similarly, even though qualitative research is more open-ended, it can still be useful… Continue Reading...
T-tests in Quantitative Doctoral Business Research
Quantitative research is one of the methodologies that is commonly used in doctoral business research. The use of this approach is attributable to the availability of more data that requires analysis to help generate competitive advantage in the business field. The use of quantitative research entails conducting statistical analysis, which involves the use of different methods such as t-tests and ANOVA. T-test is used in hypothesis testing in quantitative studies to determine whether variations between the averages of two groups is unlikely to have emerged because of a random chance… Continue Reading...
and qualitative methods and a realist to use quantitative methods. Muijs (n.d.) describes quantitative research as using numerical data and mathematical methods, showing how a realist will use these types of methods to seek for an objective truth. Likewise, epistemology refers to how the researcher acquires knowledge, or what sources of knowledge are deemed valid. A researcher who believes in absolutism and realism will veer towards quantitative methods, which yield absolute and generalizable results. On the other hand, a researcher who values subjectivity would take a phenomenological and qualitative approach. Lopez-Alvarado (2017) describes how culture and other contextual variables may have a strong… Continue Reading...
use imperative research techniques coupled with effective and efficient data analysis systems.
Evaluation of research techniques
The study will use qualitative and quantitative research studies. The research design to be used by the study is a survey design that considers the possibility of accessing critical data within a descriptive avenue of study. Thus, the descriptive survey design to be used by the study seeks to explore on the existing state of affairs, shedding more light on its current state and probable future states. The descriptive survey design to be used by the study involves both the qualitative and study quantitative methods, which will yield both the qualitative and quantitative data for use… Continue Reading...
Consider how qualitative and quantitative research methods complement one another, and consider the role of mixed methods designs.
Quantitative and qualitative social science study techniques have, for long, remained discrete, barely overlapping, spheres. But, of late, innovations have shed light on quantitative and qualitative techniques’ complementarity (Maxwell, 1998). Complementarily employing both methods offers broader understandings besides facilitating research findings’ confirmation or triangulation using different techniques, thus improving overall result validity and making the research more useful for targeted entities. However, the quest for genuinely complementary research techniques is also a greatly challenging task as… Continue Reading...
quantitative research does depend on measurement methods and instruments. Personality and other psychological assessments may be used in leadership research, especially studies based on trait theories. However, some studies may be designed in ways that require measurement instruments to assess behaviors. In these cases, researchers need to use established, reliable, and valid… Continue Reading...
Quantitative Research
Healthcare relies on quantitative research for evidence-based practice in nursing, for organizational structure, design, and marketing, for public health and value-based purchasing issues, safety, and a practically unlimited array of other uses. Using quantitative research methods generates numerical data: data that can be used to generate statistics, to track patterns reliably using metrics, and to make fairly accurate predictions based on quantitative modeling. The research methods used in quantitative studies are often scrutinized carefully, ensuring consistency, reliability, and validity. Therefore, effective healthcare service delivery and operations depend on… Continue Reading...
of the researcher and the manner in which knowledge is viewed. These two aspects fundamentally distinguish qualitative research from quantitative research (Creswell, 2014). In qualitative research, the researcher seeks to cultivate a closer relationship with the subject(s). This means that the researcher focuses on a single or a small number of subjects, and utilises designs that allow closer interaction with the subjects such as in-depth interviews, observations, and focus group discussions. Cultivating a closer relationship with the subjects is informed by the need to gain a deeper understanding of the research phenomenon (Denscombe, 2010). This arises from the assertion that knowledge is subjective (Bryman, 2008). In other words, different… Continue Reading...
to support the practice. These are now occurring, but there is still room for improvement. By undertaking quantitative research with businesses and consumers the paper proposes the gathering of information that can be statistically analysed to identify the most efficient policy approaches to improve recycling.
Introduction
The level of waste generated in increasing; it is estimated that in the U.S. approximately 254.1 million tonnes of waste were generated in 2013 (Statista, 2016b). It is estimated that this equates to 4.3 pounds of waste every day for each person (Duke University, 2016). The impact of this waste is tremendous, in 2008 it waste estimated that methane generated from… Continue Reading...
Qualitative research is different from quantitative research methodologies on the premise that it does not rely on numerical data. Qualitative research rely on text and image since it's a type of scientific research that seeks to provide contextual descriptions of the experiences of people regarding as specific research issue. In most cases, qualitative research methods are considered suitable in identifying intangible factors through a scientific inquiry such as socioeconomic status, religion, social norms, and ethnicity (College of Computer and Information Science, n.d.). In this regard, there are several aspects that distinguish qualitative research writing, which… Continue Reading...
quantitative research in which longitudinal data was collected using questionnaires. The first set of data (i.e. leader behavior and followers’ need for autonomy) was collected from 404 subordinates within 75 groups while the second (followers’ self-leadership) was collected from 313 subordinates within 72 groups.
The analysis was carried out using hierarchical linear modeling since the research design entailed hierarchical data structure.
Table 1 focused on examining the intercorelations between the research variables. The first three variables acted as level 1 variable while the last one was level 2… Continue Reading...
and on the basis of freshly acquired empirical evidence. Generally two strategies for carrying out quantitative research exist. The first strategy involves formulation of hypotheses by researchers based on previous research information and testing those hypotheses against available empirical data through a process called confirmatory research. Confirmatory research is used to either reject or confirm a hypothesis. The second strategy which is possibly supplementary is the exploratory research. By explaining what exploration is we understand exploratory research. Exploration is some adventure into data (Creswell & Plano Clark, 2007). Exploratory research begins with data and goes on to explore with a view of formulating a hypothesis… Continue Reading...
it is a requirement for the researchers to decide the study objective. For instance, if the purpose is to generalize qualitative and quantitative research findings to a given population where inferences were made, the researcher should then try to choose a random sample with those components. Such situations will require a mixed method research to consider one of the five random sampling methods at some point during the process of research (Onwuegbuzie & Collins, 2007). The random selection methods include cluster, stratified, simple, multi-stage, and systematic random sampling methods. This means that probability sampling is beneficial for quantitative research as well as mixed method research approaches (Teddlie & Yu, 2007).
Data Collection… Continue Reading...
is used to describe the phenomenon under scrutiny, usually in thematic terms, while quantitative research tends to test a hypothesis—the data obtained can usually be statistically analyzed and understood in numeric terms. When it comes to evaluating the quality of research designs, reliability and validity are two considerations that have to be made: does the study measure what it purports to measure, and can the study’s findings be reproduced among the same population using the same method? Those are the questions to ask. For qualitative research, the criteria are a little different than for quantitative research, primarily because in the former the nature… Continue Reading...
Alignment helps keep both qualitative and quantitative research studies cohesive, meaningful, and valid. The purpose of the study and its implications for policy or practice should be aligned with the research questions, design, and method. Research by Forster, Grigsby, Unger, et al. (2015) illustrates the concept of alignment in a quantitative study. The research focuses on the links between exposure to violence in the community, social ties with gangs or gang members, social self-control, and aggressive behavior. Based on prior research, the authors hypothesize that exposure to violence in the community would be associated with aggressive… Continue Reading...
experimental, quasi-experimental and survey designs (Neuman, 2009). While both qualitative and quantitative research questions seek to gain new insights into a given phenomenon, there are also basic differences between the types of data that are used.
By definition, quantitative research involves the analysis of numeric data in some form while qualitative research uses words, graphics and other data to formulate answers to guiding research questions (Neuman, 2009). These differences mean that designing a research question from a qualitative and quantitative perspective requires shaping the question accordingly. In the case of a research question such as, "What role does alcohol play as… Continue Reading...
and identity construction. Deprivation theory can also be used to research solutions to the problem (Agbiboa, 2013).
Quantitative Research Questions
1.… Continue Reading...
research techniques coupled with effective and efficient data analysis systems.
Evaluation of research techniques
The study will use qualitative and quantitative research studies. The research design to be used by the study is a survey design that considers the possibility of accessing critical data within a descriptive avenue of study. Thus, the descriptive survey design to be used by the study seeks to explore on the existing state of affairs, shedding more light on its current state and probable future states. The descriptive survey design to be used by the study involves both the qualitative and study quantitative methods, which will yield both the qualitative and quantitative data for use… Continue Reading...
I could contribute to the growing body of evidence by designing a quantitative study for my dissertation. Of the main quantitative research designs (experimental, quasi-experimental, descriptive, correlational and causal comparative), the most straightforward approaches for studying high potential employee HRM would actually not be experimental. As valuable as experimental research is for its robust internal validity, it is too difficult to control for variations among employees and leadership styles in each company, let alone to use the same methods and… Continue Reading...
