The website explained that the law's necessities turned on a person's finding of guilt alone a fact that a person had already had a procedurally protected occasion to challenge. Even if the person could show that he was not liable to be presently ha Continue Reading...
Criminal Justice Theory and the Los Angeles County Probation Department Criminal and antisocial behaviors have been studied in the field of criminology for many years. Criminologists are very interested to learn what types of things cause specific c Continue Reading...
Criminal Justice Management Mapping Crime Hotspots to Deter Crime Reducing crime is a constant concern of law enforcement and community leaders. Police strategies for reducing crime rely heavily on deterrence, in the form of police patrols (reviewe Continue Reading...
This was due to the fact that defense attorneys often attempted to prove consent by showing that a victim did not resist the assault or had a sexual history suggesting that she would have consented to the sexual contact. Now, N.J.S.2C:14-2 no longer Continue Reading...
Examples of offenses that are based on constitutional endowments of right contain tax evasion, possessing illegal substances and conspiring to violate civil rights. Courts have specified on the whole a wide explanation to the Commerce Clause authori Continue Reading...
However, as criminals become more aware of undercover tactics, the covert officer is required to provide more and more proof that he is indeed a criminal- which leads to the officer committing acts that compromise his or her integrity for the sake o Continue Reading...
Criminal Justice Theories Drift theory suggests that people drift from one extreme to another during the course of their lifetimes. When applied in the context of criminal justice, it reflects the idea that people drift between conventional and crim Continue Reading...
In that regard, Agnew's version of strain theory no longer explains the marked difference in male and female homicide rates, simply because it downplays the importance of the types of strains described by Merton. Whereas Merton's strains were associ Continue Reading...
This study indicates that introducing new policing methods can be extremely problematic, (at least in the RCMP organization), and that it can lead to dissention in departments and even in executive areas. It also shows a shift in overall thinking a Continue Reading...
Conversely, guilty callers generally try to conceal their criminal involvement by requesting help for themselves, providing extraneous irrelevant information, and tend to be somewhat uncooperative while maintaining a calm and collected demeanor (Add Continue Reading...
Rather, research findings should be available in a more condense manner, with options for greater detail provided for later review. Annual or semiannual journals could be disseminated that contain the latest research findings. This would make the pr Continue Reading...
The next step is evidence collection. Processing a crime scene without disturbing the evidences is a difficult task and investigators should take every precaution to gather evidence without affecting the crime scene. (GSA) Crime scene stepping pads Continue Reading...
A researcher must limit the number of external and internal variables outside of the study variable that could affect the outcome of the study. What are the disadvantages to the classic experiment? The primary disadvantage of an experiment is that Continue Reading...
However, in order to establish a private facility the consent of state legislature is required. Once a state makes the decision for allowing establishment of a private for-profit prison then corporations are asked to participate in bidding by submi Continue Reading...
Criminal Justice -- Research Method & Theory British Crime Survey (BCS) Review The survey I reviewed is from primary research that provided a transcript for an interview, presumably to use in a face-to-face interview -- there are directions for Continue Reading...
Like anything else, prison involves a very specific routine to which people adapt. In some cases, prison life becomes more "normal" for some prisoners than life on the "outside," as prisoners call freedom. To ensure that prisoners have the best cha Continue Reading...
Use of technology would promote public knowledge about the spread of confirmed criminal activity or patterns of behavior that might place people at risk, whether that risk involved theft, credit card scams or other behaviors (Farber, 2006). Partici Continue Reading...
Horizontal communication is the proverbial 'grapevine' of information, such as gossip between partners. The exchange of information through horizontal channels can impact morale, but not always department policy, at least not as swiftly as in downwa Continue Reading...
Criminal Justice The role of a judge includes interpretation and enforcement of the law. The judiciary is responsible for upholding and applying laws as made by the legislature. Such laws require interpretation and application by the judicial rules Continue Reading...
The two should know better but their emotions got the best of them. In this case I would myself (or ask another person who knows the two) pull one of the two aside gently but firmly and ask that he take a deep breath and not cause commotion to the Continue Reading...
Dershowitz and others have pointed out, rightfully, that Miranda principles were designed to prevent the use at trial of evidence obtained improperly and that the prevention of mass casualties may constitute a sufficiently important goal to suspend Continue Reading...
Thus, police patrols that are directed to specific areas for specific purposes are often more effective than general police patrols. Both of these articles do reach the same basic conclusions. They study many different types of police patrols and c Continue Reading...
Specifically, police tactical policy must outline criteria for the use of every tool and every technique authorized for use by officers. Effective policy and procedure management also includes indirect methods of minimizing the potential need for i Continue Reading...
S., and convictions in many of those cases were based, at least partially, on this particular type of evidence used to connect suspects to bullet fragments associated with the crimes for which they were prosecuted. In some cases, such as that of Lee Continue Reading...
There should be a manual override system in place in regards to the cell doors. This would allow those in charge to manually lock down all cells to help make sure that no other ones opened on their own. Providing training to all staff ahead of time Continue Reading...
224). The strongest case in the criminal law annals for race-based affirmative action occurs in "drug possession offenses," Heffernan writes. The drug busts show "compelling evidence of discrimination against blacks," the author insists; moreover, Continue Reading...
Criminal Justice Gaetz, S. (July 2004). Safe streets for whom? Homeless youth, social exclusion, and criminal victimization. Canadian Journal of Criminology & Criminal Justice. This journal article reports the researcher's survey findings regar Continue Reading...
Criminal Justice Leadership in criminal justice or private security organizations requires special skills, and presents unique challenges. The most important attributes for leaders in any criminal justice or security organization include integrity, Continue Reading...
Appeals If the defendant is acquitted by the jury or by the judge in a bench trial, the 5th Amendment government prohibits the government from trying the defendant for the same crime. Although there are is no constitutional right to appeal convic Continue Reading...
According to Beccaria, any form or degree of punishment that exceeded the comparative seriousness of the crime or the functional purpose of effectively deterring that crime was excessive, purposeless, and cruel. Based on that philosophy, Beccaria pr Continue Reading...
Such is the case with Tennessee v Lane, a case in the Supreme Court that focused on the legality of Congress to enact laws such as the Americans with Disabilities Act under section V of the Fourteenth Amendment. The High Court ultimately found that Continue Reading...
The sources provided background and reviews of published literature: Holmstrom (1996); Marcus-Mendoza (1995); and Osler (1991). Finally, three reports took on a narrower focus in investigating boot camps: Clark and Kellam (2001); Mueller (1996); and Continue Reading...
Criminal Justice Research Torres, A.N., Boccaccini, M.T., and Miller, H.A. (2006). Perceptions of the validity and utility of criminal profiling among forensic psychologists and psychiatrists, American Psychological Association, 37 (1), 51-58. Stud Continue Reading...
He will try to achieve balance in his life so that the work does not become all-consuming and then ultimately lead to burn out and frustration. 5. Delegate but don't detach (New Word City, 2010). It is impossible to manage every aspect of a facili Continue Reading...
Specifically, that approach must offer a method of reversing, or at least substantially reducing the impact of those factors. Furthermore, since the particular variables differ among different criminal offenders, an approach that is likely to be suc Continue Reading...
The most common modern incarnation of this style has evolved into "community policing" including the establishment of specific units within police agency dedicated to public contact and community relations. Typical examples of the community relatio Continue Reading...
What are the differences between jails and prisons? Generally, jails are maintained by local municipalities and by state authorities and they are mainly intended to house criminals charged with crimes pending trial (Schmalleger, 2009). Jails are a Continue Reading...
The swing back and forth between rehabilitation and "lock them up and throw away the key" makes corrections officers' jobs more difficult than they might otherwise be. Police and corrections personnel must bend to winds of change that bring little r Continue Reading...
In addition, they could be effective in super high-crime hot spots, such as the bar the authors describe in Minneapolis, which recorded an astounding number of assaults throughout the year; roughly 1 in 4 patrons would suffer an assault during the s Continue Reading...
Michigan, in which police officers had failed to satisfy the knock requirement of a "knock and announce" search warrant before obtaining incriminating evidence. The Court decided that technical violations of proper warrant execution in "good faith" Continue Reading...
